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Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond Open
Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology will be available in the near future. Quantum computers with 50-100 qubits may be able to perform tasks which surpass the capabilities of today's classical digital computers, but noise in …
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Quantum sensing Open
"Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties, or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity. Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on superconducting quantu…
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<i>Colloquium</i>: Many-body localization, thermalization, and entanglement Open
Thermalizing quantum systems are conventionally described by statistical\nmechanics at equilibrium. However, not all systems fall into this category,\nwith many body localization providing a generic mechanism for thermalization to\nfail in…
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A quantum engineer's guide to superconducting qubits Open
The aim of this review is to provide quantum engineers with an introductory guide to the central concepts and challenges in the rapidly accelerating field of superconducting quantum circuits. Over the past twenty years, the field has matur…
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Circuit quantum electrodynamics Open
Quantum mechanical effects at the macroscopic level were first explored in\nJosephson junction-based superconducting circuits in the 1980's. In the last\ntwenty years, the emergence of quantum information science has intensified\nresearch …
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Error Mitigation for Short-Depth Quantum Circuits Open
Two schemes are presented that mitigate the effect of errors and decoherence in short-depth quantum circuits. The size of the circuits for which these techniques can be applied is limited by the rate at which the errors in the computation …
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Strong Quantum Computational Advantage Using a Superconducting Quantum Processor Open
Scaling up to a large number of qubits with high-precision control is essential in the demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to exponentially outpace the classical hardware and algorithmic improvements. Here, we develop a two-d…
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Molecular magnetism: from chemical design to spin control in molecules, materials and devices Open
The field of molecular magnetism is rapidly evolving towards the use of magnetic molecules and molecule- based magnetic materials in physics- driven and nanotechnology- driven fields, in particular molecular spintronics, quantum technologi…
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Evaluating analytic gradients on quantum hardware Open
An important application for near-term quantum computing lies in optimization\ntasks, with applications ranging from quantum chemistry and drug discovery to\nmachine learning. In many settings --- most prominently in so-called\nparametrize…
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Evidence for the utility of quantum computing before fault tolerance Open
Quantum computing promises to offer substantial speed-ups over its classical counterpart for certain problems. However, the greatest impediment to realizing its full potential is noise that is inherent to these systems. The widely accepted…
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Molecular spins for quantum computation Open
Spins in solids or in molecules possess discrete energy levels, and the associated quantum states can be tuned and coherently manipulated by means of external electromagnetic fields. Spins therefore provide one of the simplest platforms to…
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High-Fidelity Quantum Logic Gates Using Trapped-Ion Hyperfine Qubits Open
We demonstrate laser-driven two-qubit and single-qubit logic gates with respective fidelities 99.9(1)% and 99.9934(3)%, significantly above the ≈99% minimum threshold level required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, using qubits stor…
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Engineering Non-Linear Decay Dynamics: Pulse-Level Control and Software-Defined Qubit Rescue on Superconducting Processors Open
The scalability of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices is fundamentally constrained by material defects, most notably Two-Level Systems (TLS) that induce resonant decoherence in superconducting qubits. These defects severely li…
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From the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm to a Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz Open
The next few years will be exciting as prototype universal quantum processors emerge, enabling the implementation of a wider variety of algorithms. Of particular interest are quantum heuristics, which require experimentation on quantum har…
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Quantum computing with atomic qubits and Rydberg interactions: progress and challenges Open
We present a review of quantum computation with neutral atom qubits. After an overview of architectural options and approaches to preparing large qubit arrays we examine Rydberg mediated gate protocols and fidelity for two- and multi-qubit…
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Scalable designs for quasiparticle-poisoning-protected topological quantum computation with Majorana zero modes Open
We present designs for scalable quantum computers composed of qubits encoded in aggregates of four or more Majorana zero modes, realized at the ends of topological superconducting wire segments that are assembled into superconducting islan…
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Generation and manipulation of Schrödinger cat states in Rydberg atom arrays Open
Entanglement goes large The success of quantum computing relies on the ability to entangle large-scale systems. Various platforms are being pursued, with architectures based on superconducting qubits and trapped atoms being the most advanc…
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Photonic quantum information processing: A concise review Open
Photons have been a flagship system for studying quantum mechanics, advancing quantum information science, and developing quantum technologies. Quantum entanglement, teleportation, quantum key distribution, and early quantum computing demo…
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Interfacing spin qubits in quantum dots and donors—hot, dense, and coherent Open
Semiconductor spins are one of the few qubit realizations that remain a serious candidate for the implementation of large-scale quantum circuits. Excellent scalability is often argued for spin qubits defined by lithography and controlled v…
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Probing Rényi entanglement entropy via randomized measurements Open
An entropic look into entanglement Quantum systems are predicted to be better at information processing than their classical counterparts, and quantum entanglement is key to this superior performance. But how does one gauge the degree of e…
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Efficient gates for quantum computing Open
For superconducting qubits, microwave pulses drive rotations around the Bloch\nsphere. The phase of these drives can be used to generate zero-duration\narbitrary "virtual" Z-gates which, combined with two $X_{\\pi/2}$ gates, can\ngenerate …
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Resonantly driven CNOT gate for electron spins Open
Building an essential quantum component To build a universal quantum computer—the kind that can handle any computational task you throw at it—an essential early step is to demonstrate the so-called CNOT gate, which acts on two qubits. Zaja…
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Tackling the Qubit Mapping Problem for NISQ-Era Quantum Devices Open
Due to little consideration in the hardware constraints, e.g., limited connections between physical qubits to enable twoqubit gates, most quantum algorithms cannot be directly executed on the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices…
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Experimental comparison of two quantum computing architectures Open
Significance Quantum computers are an emerging technology promising to be vastly more powerful at solving certain problems than any conventional computer. These devices are now moving out of the laboratory and becoming generally programmab…
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Cryo-CMOS Circuits and Systems for Quantum Computing Applications Open
A fault-tolerant quantum computer with millions of quantum bits (qubits) requires massive yet very precise control electronics for the manipulation and readout of individual qubits. CMOS operating at cryogenic temperatures down to 4 K (cry…
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The Second Quantum Revolution: Role and Challenges of Molecular Chemistry Open
Implementation of modern Quantum Technologies might benefit from the remarkable quantum properties shown by molecular spin systems. In this Perspective, we highlight the role that molecular chemistry can have in the current second quantum …
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Procedure for systematically tuning up cross-talk in the cross-resonance gate Open
We present improvements in both theoretical understanding and experimental\nimplementation of the cross resonance (CR) gate that have led to shorter\ntwo-qubit gate times and interleaved randomized benchmarking fidelities\nexceeding 99%. T…
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Realization of a scalable Shor algorithm Open
Reducing quantum overhead A quantum computer is expected to outperform its classical counterpart in certain tasks. One such task is the factorization of large integers, the technology that underpins the security of bank cards and online pr…
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Quantum advantage in learning from experiments Open
Quantum technology promises to revolutionize how we learn about the physical world. An experiment that processes quantum data with a quantum computer could have substantial advantages over conventional experiments in which quantum states a…
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Spectroscopic signatures of localization with interacting photons in superconducting qubits Open
Putting photons to work Interacting quantum particles can behave in peculiar ways. To understand that behavior, physicists have turned to quantum simulation, in which a tunable and clean system can be monitored as it evolves under the infl…