Primary (astronomy)
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CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2011–2015 Open
Breast (female only)Prostate (male only)
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Ocrelizumab versus Placebo in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Open
Among patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, ocrelizumab was associated with lower rates of clinical and MRI progression than placebo. Extended observation is required to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of ocreli…
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Primary microplastics in the oceans: A global evaluation of sources Open
Plastic has penetrated everyday life: from clothing to coatings and from transport vehicles to cleaning products Plastic is cheap, durable, lightweight and malleable, resulting in a practically unlimited number of possible applications The…
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CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2015–2019 Open
The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute, is the largest population-based registry focused exclusively on primary…
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The chromatin accessibility landscape of primary human cancers Open
Cancer chromatin accessibility landscape The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provides a high-quality resource of molecular data on a large variety of human cancers. Corces et al. used a recently modified assay to profile chromatin accessibility…
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Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defenses, Regulators, and Primary Metabolites: The Blurred Functional Trichotomy Open
The plant kingdom produces hundreds of thousands of low molecular weight organic compounds. Based on the assumed functions of these compounds, the research community has classified them into three overarching groups: primary metabolites, w…
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Implications of Adnexal Invasions in Primary Extramammary Paget’s Disease: A Systematic Review Open
Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is an erratic malignant skin disorder primarily affecting skin areas abundant with skin appendages like hair follicles. The vulva is most involved site, followed by genital areas, penoscrotal regions and…
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Chemical Basis of Reactive Oxygen Species Reactivity and Involvement in Neurodegenerative Diseases Open
Increasing numbers of individuals suffer from neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by progressive loss of neurons. Oxidative stress, in particular, the overproduction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), play an important role …
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Global predictions of primary soil salinization under changing climate in the 21st century Open
Soil salinization has become one of the major environmental and socioeconomic issues globally and this is expected to be exacerbated further with projected climatic change. Determining how climate change influences the dynamics of naturall…
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Dostarlimab for Primary Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Open
Dostarlimab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel significantly increased progression-free survival among patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, with a substantial benefit in the dMMR-MSI-H population. (Funded by GSK; RUBY C…
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The unique fluorine effects in organic reactions: recent facts and insights into fluoroalkylations Open
Fluoroalkylation reaction, featuring the transfer of a fluoroalkyl group to a substrate, is a straightforward and efficient method for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. In fluoroalkylation reactions, fluorine substitution can dram…
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Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease Open
This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and low-certainty evidence suggests that increasing LCn3 slightly reduces risk of coronary heart disease mortality and …
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Efficient and selective N-alkylation of amines with alcohols catalysed by manganese pincer complexes Open
Borrowing hydrogen (or hydrogen autotransfer) reactions represent straightforward and sustainable C–N bond-forming processes. In general, precious metal-based catalysts are employed for this effective transformation. In recent years, the u…
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Mycorrhizal association as a primary control of the CO <sub>2</sub> fertilization effect Open
Fungi relieve nitrogen limitation Rising concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 stimulate plant growth; an effect that could reduce the pace of anthropogenic climate change. But plants also need nitrogen for growth. So far, experimental nitrog…
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A Genotype-Guided Strategy for Oral P2Y <sub>12</sub> Inhibitors in Primary PCI Open
In patients undergoing primary PCI, a CYP2C19 genotype-guided strategy for selection of oral P2Y12 inhibitor therapy was noninferior to standard treatment with ticagrelor or prasugrel at 12 months with respect to thrombotic events and resu…
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Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Open
This review summarizes the current understanding of primary sclerosing cholangitis, a persistent, progressive disease for which there is no definitive therapy. The authors describe the pathogenesis and management of this condition.
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Global tropospheric hydroxyl distribution, budget and reactivity Open
The self-cleaning or oxidation capacity of the atmosphere is principally controlled by hydroxyl (OH) radicals in the troposphere. Hydroxyl has primary (P) and secondary (S) sources, the former mainly through the photodissociation of ozone,…
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Emapalumab in Children with Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Open
Emapalumab was an efficacious targeted therapy for patients with primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. (Funded by NovImmune and the European Commission; NI-0501-04 and NI-0501-05 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01818492 and NCT0206989…
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Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based wastewater treatment - unexpected nitration side reactions - a serious environmental issue: A review Open
Chemical compounds containing nitro group (nitro-products) are a one of toxic by-products, that can be formed during wastewater treatment processes. In case of presence of nitrite or nitrate ions, the formation of nitro-products during adv…
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Plants Secondary Metabolites: The Key Drivers of the Pharmacological Actions of Medicinal Plants Open
The vast and versatile pharmacological effects of medicinal plants are basically dependent on their phytochemical constituents. Generally, the phytochemical constituents of plants fall into two categories based on their role in basic metab…
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The Chemistry of CO<sub>2</sub> Capture in an Amine-Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework under Dry and Humid Conditions Open
The use of two primary alkylamine functionalities covalently tethered to the linkers of IRMOF-74-III results in a material that can uptake CO2 at low pressures through a chemisorption mechanism. In contrast to other primary amine-functiona…
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Where are Europe’s last primary forests? Open
Aim Primary forests have high conservation value but are rare in Europe due to historic land use. Yet many primary forest patches remain unmapped, and it is unclear to what extent they are effectively protected. Our aim was to (1) compile …
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KEPLER ECLIPSING BINARY STARS. VII. THE CATALOG OF ECLIPSING BINARIES FOUND IN THE ENTIRE KEPLER DATA SET Open
The primary Kepler Mission provided nearly continuous monitoring of ∼200,000 objects with unprecedented photometric precision. We present the final catalog of eclipsing binary systems within the 105 deg 2 Kepler field of view. This release…
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Decarboxylative Cross-Electrophile Coupling of <i>N</i>-Hydroxyphthalimide Esters with Aryl Iodides Open
A new method for the decarboxylative coupling of alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide esters (NHP esters) with aryl iodides is presented. In contrast to previous studies that form alkyl radicals from carboxylic acid derivatives, no photocatalyst, li…
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Nanoparticles Alter Secondary Metabolism in Plants via ROS Burst Open
The particles within the size range of 1 and 100 nm are known as nanoparticles (NPs). NP-containing wastes released from household, industrial and medical products are emerging as a new threat to the environment. Plants, being fixed to the…
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Endometrial Decidualization: The Primary Driver of Pregnancy Health Open
Interventions to prevent pregnancy complications have been largely unsuccessful. We suggest this is because the foundation for a healthy pregnancy is laid prior to the establishment of the pregnancy at the time of endometrial decidualizati…
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The TP53 Apoptotic Network Is a Primary Mediator of Resistance to BCL2 Inhibition in AML Cells Open
To study mechanisms underlying resistance to the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we used a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify gene knockouts resulting in drug resistance. We validated TP53, BAX, and PMAIP…
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Immunological differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer Open
Metastatic breast cancers are immunologically more inert than the corresponding primary tumors but some immune-oncology targets and macrophage and angiogenesis signatures show preserved expression and suggest therapeutic combinations for c…
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Terrestrial gross primary production: Using NIR <sub>V</sub> to scale from site to globe Open
Terrestrial photosynthesis is the largest and one of the most uncertain fluxes in the global carbon cycle. We find that near‐infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIR V ), a remotely sensed measure of canopy structure, accurately predicts ph…
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From Central to Specialized Metabolism: An Overview of Some Secondary Compounds Derived From the Primary Metabolism for Their Role in Conferring Nutritional and Organoleptic Characteristics to Fruit Open
Fruit flavor and nutritional characteristics are key quality traits and ones of the main factors influencing consumer preference. Central carbon metabolism, also known as primary metabolism, contributes to the synthesis of intermediate com…