Probabilistic risk assessment
View article: Toward an ecotoxicological risk assessment of microplastics: Comparison of available hazard and exposure data in freshwaters
Toward an ecotoxicological risk assessment of microplastics: Comparison of available hazard and exposure data in freshwaters Open
Microplastics have been detected in freshwaters all over the world in almost all samples, and ecotoxicological studies have shown adverse effects of microplastics on organisms. However, no risk assessment of microplastics has been performe…
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Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard and Risk Analysis: A Review of Research Gaps Open
Tsunamis are unpredictable and infrequent but potentially large impact natural disasters. To prepare, mitigate and prevent losses from tsunamis, probabilistic hazard and risk analysis methods have been developed and have proved useful. How…
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Exposure Factors in Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(loid)s in Soil and Sediment Open
Heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) play an important role in economic development since they are used in various branches of industry. However, all industrial activities emit HMs into the environment, where they are no longer useful but potentially …
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Probabilistic risk assessment – the keystone for the future of toxicology Open
Safety sciences must cope with uncertainty of models and results as well as information gaps. Acknowledging this uncer-tainty necessitates embracing probabilities and accepting the remaining risk. Every toxicological tool delivers only pro…
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Probabilistic environmental risk assessment of microplastics in marine habitats Open
Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment and given the large number of published hazard and exposure studies, quantitative environmental risks assessments of microplastics become feasible. We present here the first environmental ris…
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Probabilistic Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Intake via Vegetable Consumption around Pb/Zn Smelters in Southwest China Open
Vegetable contamination in mining and smelting areas has resulted in high dietary intakes of heavy metals, which pose potential health risks to local residents. In this study, paired soil-vegetable samples were collected around Pb/Zn smelt…
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Spatial Risk Analysis of Power Systems Resilience During Extreme Events Open
The increased frequency of extreme events in recent years highlights the emerging need for the development of methods that could contribute to the mitigation of the impact of such events on critical infrastructures, as well as boost their …
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A probabilistic risk-based decision framework for structural health monitoring Open
Obtaining the ability to make informed decisions regarding the operation and\nmaintenance of structures, provides a major incentive for the implementation of\nstructural health monitoring (SHM) systems. Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA)\…
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Guided simulation for dynamic probabilistic risk assessment of complex systems: Concept, method, and application Open
Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) is a systematic process of examining how engineered systems work to ensure safety. With the growth of the size of dynamic systems and the complexity of the interactions between hardware, software, and hu…
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Development of predictive models for the probabilistic moisture risk assessment of internal wall insulation Open
Solid wall buildings account for a quarter of the UK building stock and need to be thermally upgraded to meet national greenhouse gas emission targets. Internal wall insulation (IWI) is often the only option for the retrofit of solid walls…
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Probabilistic ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in western Laizhou Bay, Shandong Province, China Open
Considering the serious land-based pollution and the weak water exchange ability of western Laizhou Bay, it is essential to conduct an ecological risk assessment of the pollutants in this area. In this study, the ecological risk caused by …
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Risk Characterization and Probabilistic Concentration–Response Modeling of Complex Environmental Mixtures Using New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) Data from Organotypic <i>in Vitro</i> Human Stem Cell Assays Open
These results suggest that CA is a preferred first approximation for predicting mixture toxicity when data for all constituents are available. However, because the accuracy of additivity assumptions varies greatly across phenotypes, we pos…
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Cyber Security Risk Evaluation of a Nuclear I&C Using BN and ET Open
Cyber security is an important issue in the field of nuclear engineering because nuclear facilities use digital equipment and digital systems that can lead to serious hazards in the event of an accident. Regulatory agencies worldwide have …
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A risk assessment methodology to evaluate the risk failure of managed aquifer recharge in the Mediterranean Basin Open
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can be affected by many risks. Those risks are related to different technical and non-technical aspects of recharge, like water availability, water quality, legislation, social issues, etc. Many other works h…
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Human Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Potentially Toxic Elements in Polluted Rivers in the Ecuadorian Amazon Open
Anthropogenic activities performed in the Ecuadorian Amazon have released potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the rivers, causing severe environmental pollution and increasing the risk of exposure to the residents of the surrounding are…
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Potentially toxic element (PTE) levels in maize, soil, and irrigation water and health risks through maize consumption in northern Ningxia, China Open
Background Industrial and agricultural activities result in elevated levels of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the local environment. PTEs can enter the human body through the food chain and pose severe health risks to inhabitants. In…
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Integrated process safety and process security risk assessment of industrial cyber-physical systems in chemical plants Open
Aligned with the development needs of Industry 4.0, industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPSs) are widely applied to chemical facilities to facilitate so-called intelligent production processes. Meanwhile, emerging cyber-to-physical (C2P) r…
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Development of an earthquake-induced landslide risk assessment approach for nuclear power plants Open
Despite recent advances in multi-hazard analysis, the complexity and inherent nature of such problems make quantification of the landslide effect in a probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) of NPPs challenging. Therefore, in this paper, a p…
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An improved multi-unit nuclear plant seismic probabilistic risk assessment approach Open
This paper proposes an improved approach to external event probabilistic risk assessment for multi-unit sites. It considers unit-to-unit dependencies based on the integration of the copula notion, importance sampling, and parallel Monte Ca…
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Health risk assessment of nitrate in drinking water in Shiraz using probabilistic and deterministic approaches and impact of water supply Open
Increased nitrate concentration in water resources due to human activities and lack of wastewater management can affect consumers' health adversely. The objective of this study is health risk assessment of nitrate in distribution drinking …
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Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Chloramphenicol in Guangzhou, China Open
Chloramphenicol has been used in veterinary medicine, where its residues can remain in food of animal origin, thus potentially causing adverse health effects. This facilitated the ban for its use in food-producing animals globally, but its…
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Supervised dynamic probabilistic risk assessment of complex systems, part 2: Application to risk-informed decision making, practice and results Open
One challenge that has received attention in maritime industry is assessing the risk level of dynamic positioning (DP) systems in emergency situations. Statistics from recent years have shown that the risk level of some DP operations is ab…
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Ensuring a prudent combination of risk insights and a defense-in-depth philosophy through a reinterpretation of hierarchical safety goals Open
Recent developments in the nuclear safety framework have highlighted the importance of integrating both probabilistic and deterministic considerations. This study attempts to integrate risk insights from probabilistic risk assessment and d…
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Combining exposure and effect modeling into an integrated probabilistic environmental risk assessment for nanoparticles Open
There is a growing need for good environmental risk assessment of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). Environmental risk assessment of ENPs has been hampered by lack of data and knowledge about ENPs, their environmental fate, and their toxici…
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Nationwide Earthquake Risk Model for Wood-Frame Houses in Canada Open
Quantitative seismic risk assessments involve hazard characterization, exposure database, vulnerability assessment, and uncertainty modeling, and promote consistent risk management actions, when conducted systematically across a country. T…
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Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment in Manizales, Colombia: Quantifying Losses for Insurance Purposes Open
A fully probabilistic seismic risk assessment was developed in Manizales, Colombia, considering assets of different types. The first type includes elements that are part of the water and sewage network, and the second type includes public …
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A novel risk assessment method for landfill slope failure: Case study application for Bhalswa Dumpsite, India Open
Rapid population growth of major urban centres in many developing countries has created massive landfills with extraordinary heights and steep side-slopes, which are frequently surrounded by illegal low-income residential settlements devel…
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Spatial Analysis and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Exposure to Nitrate in Drinking Water of Abarkouh, Iran Open
Introduction: Several diseases, especially in infants such as some cancer and blue baby are related to the presence of nitrate in drinking water. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) specified the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of ni…
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Occurrence and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Fumonisin B1, Fumonisin B2 and Deoxynivalenol in Nixtamalized Maize in Mexico City Open
Fumonisins (FB1+FB2) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species that might be present in maize and maize products. Knowledge on their occurrence in nixtamalized maize from Mexico together with an accompanying risk…
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Probabilistic Resource Adequacy Suite (PRAS) v0.6 Model Documentation Open
The Probabilistic Resource Adequacy Suite, or PRAS, is a software package for studying power system resource adequacy. It allows the user to simulate power system operations under a wide range of operating conditions, in order to study the…