Psychological intervention
View article: ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions
ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions Open
Non-randomised studies of the effects of interventions are critical to many areas of healthcare evaluation, but their results may be biased. It is therefore important to understand and appraise their strengths and weaknesses. We developed …
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AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both Open
The number of published systematic reviews of studies of healthcare interventions has increased rapidly and these are used extensively for clinical and policy decisions. Systematic reviews are subject to a range of biases and increasingly …
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Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Open
On a shelf in the sunny, open‐plan office of Cochrane Australia in Melbourne, there's a large, white ring‐binder that, it's fair to say, hasn't been opened in a while. It's a printed copy of the original, 1994 edition of the Cochrane Colla…
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A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance Open
The UK Medical Research Council’s widely used guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions has been replaced by a new framework, commissioned jointly by the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Res…
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Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality Open
Objective The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to increase by 60% to more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. In this study, we aim to describe the recent CRC incidence and mortality patterns and …
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Can Treatment Adherence Be Improved by Using Rubin's Four Tendencies Framework to Understand a Patient's Response to Expectations Open
Within the context of poorer patient outcomes and rising healthcare costs, we need to better understand why many patients do not engage fully with their treatment plan. Movement away from talking about “compliance” towards “adherence” and …
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Report 9: Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID19 mortality and healthcare demand Open
The global impact of COVID-19 has been profound, and the public health threat it represents is the most serious seen in a respiratory virus since the 1918 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Here we present the results of epidemiological modelling wh…
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Acceptability of healthcare interventions: an overview of reviews and development of a theoretical framework Open
Despite frequent claims that healthcare interventions have assessed acceptability, it is evident that acceptability research could be more robust. The proposed definition of acceptability and the TFA can inform assessment tools and evaluat…
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Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry Open
The experience of burnout has been the focus of much research during the past few decades. Measures have been developed, as have various theoretical models, and research studies from many countries have contributed to a better understandin…
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Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline Open
In systematic reviews that lack data amenable to meta-analysis, alternative synthesis methods are commonly used, but these methods are rarely reported. This lack of transparency in the methods can cast doubt on the validity of the review f…
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The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China Open
Tracing infection from mobility data What sort of measures are required to contain the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? The rich data from the Open CO…
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Interventions for preventing obesity in children Open
Interventions that include diet combined with physical activity interventions can reduce the risk of obesity (zBMI and BMI) in young children aged 0 to 5 years. There is weaker evidence from a single study that dietary interventions may be…
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Interrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: a tutorial Open
Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis is a valuable study design for evaluating the effectiveness of population-level health interventions that have been implemented at a clearly defined point in time. It is increasingly being used to eva…
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Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America Open
Evidence-based guidelines for implementation and measurement of antibiotic stewardship interventions in inpatient populations including long-term care were prepared by a multidisciplinary expert panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of …
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Making Neighborhood-Disadvantage Metrics Accessible — The Neighborhood Atlas Open
Interview with Dr. Amy Kind on a new tool for incorporating data on neighborhood disadvantage into research, policy, and health interventions. (15:45)Download Better understanding of variations in neighborhood disadvantage could lead to im…
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Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Open
What happens next? Four months into the severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, we still do not know enough about postrecovery immune protection and environmental and seasonal influences on transmission to pr…
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Effects of COVID-19 on College Students’ Mental Health in the United States: Interview Survey Study Open
Background Student mental health in higher education has been an increasing concern. The COVID-19 pandemic situation has brought this vulnerable population into renewed focus. Objective Our study aims to conduct a timely assessment of the …
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Prevalence of Chronic Pain and High-Impact Chronic Pain Among Adults — United States, 2016 Open
Chronic pain, one of the most common reasons adults seek medical care (1), has been linked to restrictions in mobility and daily activities (2,3), dependence on opioids (4), anxiety and depression (2), and poor perceived health or reduced …
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Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 2017 Open
YRBSS data are used widely to compare the prevalence of health-related behaviors among subpopulations of students; assess trends in health-related behaviors over time; monitor progress toward achieving 21 national health objectives; provid…
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Physician burnout: contributors, consequences and solutions Open
Physician burnout, a work‐related syndrome involving emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment, is prevalent internationally. Rates of burnout symptoms that have been associated with adverse eff…
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The use of focus group discussion methodology: Insights from two decades of application in conservation Open
Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an in‐depth understanding of social issues. The method aims to obtain data from a purposely selected group of individuals rather than from a statistically represen…
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2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines Open
Aim: This executive summary of the valvular heart disease guideline provides recommendations for clinicians to diagnose and manage valvular heart disease as well as supporting documentation to encourage their use. Methods: A comprehensive …
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British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults Open
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are the principal forms of inflammatory bowel disease. Both represent chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, which displays heterogeneity in inflammatory and symptomatic burden between pa…
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Racism and Health: Evidence and Needed Research Open
In recent decades, there has been remarkable growth in scientific research examining the multiple ways in which racism can adversely affect health. This interest has been driven in part by the striking persistence of racial/ethnic inequiti…
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COVID-19 and Racial/Ethnic Disparities Open
This Viewpoint reviews possible reasons for reported excess mortality and poor outcomes in racial/ethnic minority populations with COVID-19 and proposes research, public health, and clinical interventions to decrease health inequities in a…
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An investigation of transmission control measures during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China Open
The most effective interventions By 23 January 2020, China had imposed a national emergency response to restrict travel and impose social distancing measures on its populace in an attempt to inhibit the transmission of severe acute respira…
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Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) in Japan: Mental health consequences and target populations Open
In December 2019, cases of life-threatening pneumonia were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the source of infection. The number of reported cases has rapidly increased in Wuhan as well as other Ch…
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Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) in Mobile Health: Key Components and Design Principles for Ongoing Health Behavior Support Open
Background The just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) is an intervention design aiming to provide the right type/amount of support, at the right time, by adapting to an individual’s changing internal and contextual state. The availabil…
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A Nationwide Survey of Psychological Distress among Italian People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors Open
The uncontrolled spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has called for unprecedented measures, to the extent that the Italian government has imposed a quarantine on the entire country. Quarantine has a huge impact and can cause …
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Association of Public Health Interventions With the Epidemiology of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan, China Open
A series of multifaceted public health interventions was temporally associated with improved control of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China. These findings may inform public health policy in other countries and regions.