Retinol ≈ Retinol
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Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity Open
Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits contain carotenoids, most of which are provitamin …
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Disturbed Vitamin A Metabolism in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Open
Vitamin A is required for important physiological processes, including embryogenesis, vision, cell proliferation and differentiation, immune regulation, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Many of vitamin A’s functions are executed through r…
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Vitamin A Supplementation Programs and Country-Level Evidence of Vitamin A Deficiency Open
Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programs targeted at children aged 6–59 months are implemented in many countries. By improving immune function, vitamin A (VA) reduces mortality associated with measles, diarrhea, and other illnesses. There …
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Vitamin A Deficiency and the Lung Open
Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) is a fat-soluble micronutrient which together with its natural derivatives and synthetic analogues constitutes the group of retinoids. They are involved in a wide range of physiological processes such as embry…
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Biological Functions of RBP4 and Its Relevance for Human Diseases Open
Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a member of the lipocalin family and the major transport protein of the hydrophobic molecule retinol, also known as vitamin A, in the circulation. Expression of RBP4 is highest in the liver, where most o…
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Associations of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Pregnancy and Neonatal Complications in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review Open
Pregnant women in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America are at risk of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and prevalence throughout these regions are among the highest, globally. Maternal VDD has been associated with increased risk of a …
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Structure of the STRA6 receptor for retinol uptake Open
A window into the cell for vitamin A Vitamin A is an essential nutrient for mammals, and its metabolites affect diverse biological processes. It is carried in the bloodstream as retinol by retinol binding protein (RBP); a protein called ST…
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Nutritional modulation of the antioxidant capacities in poultry: the case of vitamin E Open
Commercial poultry production is associated with a range of stresses, including environmental, technological, nutritional, and internal/biological ones, responsible for decreased productive and reproductive performance of poultry. At the m…
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Retinoic Acid as a Modulator of T Cell Immunity Open
Vitamin A, a generic designation for an array of organic molecules that includes retinal, retinol and retinoic acid, is an essential nutrient needed in a wide array of aspects including the proper functioning of the visual system, maintena…
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Fat-Soluble Vitamins: Clinical Indications and Current Challenges for Chromatographic Measurement. Open
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D and E, are required for a wide variety of physiological functions. Over the past two decades, deficiencies of these vitamins have been associated with increased risk of cancer, type II diabetes…
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Prospective, randomized, double‐blind assessment of topical bakuchiol and retinol for facial photoageing Open
Our study demonstrates that bakuchiol is comparable with retinol in its ability to improve photoageing and is better tolerated than retinol. Bakuchiol is promising as a more tolerable alternative to retinol.
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Elevated vitamin E content improves all- <i>trans</i> β-carotene accumulation and stability in biofortified sorghum Open
Significance Studies on the importance of vitamin A for human health continue to draw significant worldwide attention. However, the instability of provitamin A in crops resulted in a significant reduction of the potential nutrition values …
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Vitamin D Binding Protein and the Biological Activity of Vitamin D Open
Vitamin D has a long-established role in bone health. In the last two decades, there has been a dramatic resurgence in research interest in vitamin D due to studies that have shown its possible benefits for non-skeletal health. Underpinnin…
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Nanoemulgel for Improved Topical Delivery of Retinyl Palmitate: Formulation Design and Stability Evaluation Open
Retinyl palmitate is a vitamin A ester belonging to the family of endogenous natural retinoid and used to treat various skin disorders like acne, skin aging, wrinkles, and dark spots, as well as to protect against psoriasis. Despite the kn…
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Genetic Variations Associated with Vitamin A Status and Vitamin A Bioavailability Open
Blood concentration of vitamin A (VA), which is present as different molecules, i.e., mainly retinol and provitamin A carotenoids, plus retinyl esters in the postprandial period after a VA-containing meal, is affected by numerous factors: …
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Vitamin A and Bone Health: A Review on Current Evidence Open
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient essential for growth, immunity, and good vision. The preformed retinol is commonly found in food of animal origin whereas provitamin A is derived from food of plant origin. This review summarises th…
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Serum amyloid A delivers retinol to intestinal myeloid cells to promote adaptive immunity Open
SAAving vitamin A–mediated immunity The vitamin A metabolite retinol is critical for B and T cell development and homing to the gut. Intestinal myeloid cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages take up retinol and process it into retin…
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Vitamin D and Vitamin D-Binding Protein in Health and Disease Open
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid that exists in two forms: vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 [...]
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Retinol binding protein 3 is increased in the retina of patients with diabetes resistant to diabetic retinopathy Open
Retinol binding protein 3 may protect against the progression of diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting glucose uptake into retinal cells.
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Retinoids in health and disease: A role for hepatic stellate cells in affecting retinoid levels Open
Vitamin A (retinol) is important for normal growth, vision and reproduction. It has a role in the immune response and the development of metabolic syndrome. Most of the retinol present in the body is stored as retinyl esters within lipid d…
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Baseline Serum Vitamin A and D Levels Determine Benefit of Oral Vitamin A&D Supplements to Humoral Immune Responses Following Pediatric Influenza Vaccination Open
Maximizing vaccine efficacy is critical, but previous research has failed to provide a one-size-fits-all solution. Although vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation studies have been designed to improve vaccine efficacy, experimental result…
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Serum concentrations of vitamin E and carotenoids are altered in Alzheimer's disease: A case‐control study Open
Introduction Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated associations between serum levels of lipophilic antioxidants and AD. Methods Serum concentrations of retinol, two forms of v…
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Plasma Levels of Fatty Acid–Binding Protein 4, Retinol-Binding Protein 4, High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin, and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Men With Type 2 Diabetes Open
Objective— To examine select adipokines, including fatty acid–binding protein 4, retinol-binding protein 4, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among patients with type 2 diabet…
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Urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein, albumin, vitamin D-binding protein, and retinol-binding protein as early biomarkers of chronic kidney disease in dogs Open
Proteinuria is a marker and mediator of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In clinical practice, the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) is of limited usefulness, because it indicates only the magnitude of proteinuria and not the origin …
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Altered hepatic genes related to retinol metabolism and plasma retinol in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Open
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease commonly associated with hepatic fibrosis. NASH patients have an increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An al…
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Molecular Basis for Vitamin A Uptake and Storage in Vertebrates Open
The ability to store and distribute vitamin A inside the body is the main evolutionary adaptation that allows vertebrates to maintain retinoid functions during nutritional deficiencies and to acquire new metabolic pathways enabling light-i…
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Blood concentrations of carotenoids and retinol and lung cancer risk: an update of the <span>WCRF</span>–<span>AICR</span> systematic review of published prospective studies Open
Carotenoids and retinol are considered biomarkers of fruits and vegetables intake, and are of much interest because of their anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties; however, there is inconsistent evidence regarding their protective e…
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Comparative bioavailability of vitamins in human foods sourced from animals and plants Open
Vitamins are essential components of enzyme systems involved in normal growth and function. The quantitative estimation of the proportion of dietary vitamins, that is in a form available for utilization by the human body, is limited and fr…
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New insights and changing paradigms in the regulation of vitamin A metabolism in development Open
Vitamin A and its active metabolite retinoic acid are essential for embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Surprisingly, excess or deficiency of vitamin A and retinoic acid can cause similar developmental defects. Therefore, strict f…
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Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency Open
Fortifying staple foods with vitamin A alone may make little or no difference to serum retinol concentrations or the risk of subclinical vitamin A deficiency. In comparison with provision of unfortified foods, provision of staple foods for…