Solid fuel
View article
Progress in biomass torrefaction: Principles, applications and challenges Open
International audience
View article
Change in household fuels dominates the decrease in PM <sub>2.5</sub> exposure and premature mortality in China in 2005–2015 Open
Significance The Chinese government has taken efforts to tackle the nation’s severe ambient fine particle (PM 2.5 ) pollution. Our results suggest that reduced household solid-fuel consumption was the leading contributor to the rapid decre…
View article
Residential solid fuel emissions contribute significantly to air pollution and associated health impacts in China Open
Residential contributions are substantially magnified from energy use, emissions, air pollution, to health impacts.
View article
Association of Solid Fuel Use With Risk of Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Rural China Open
In rural China, solid fuel use for cooking and heating was associated with higher risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. These risks may be lower among those who had previously switched to clean fuels and those who used ventilati…
View article
Household cooking fuel estimates at global and country level for 1990 to 2030 Open
Household air pollution generated from the use of polluting cooking fuels and technologies is a major source of disease and environmental degradation in low- and middle-income countries. Using a novel modelling approach, we provide detaile…
View article
Hydrothermal carbonization of tobacco stalk for fuel application Open
Tobacco stalks are an abundant biomass resource which are otherwise treated as waste. In this work, the effect of hydrothermal carbonization temperature and time on the structures, chemical compositions and combustion characteristics of hy…
View article
Current status and future perspectives for energy production from solid biomass in the European industry Open
Industrial heat is important in Europe’s energy consumption and dominated by fossil fuels. Therefore, promoting renewables in this sector is vital to move Europe towards a low-carbon economy. Since solid biomass is the only renewable with …
View article
Energy and air pollution benefits of household fuel policies in northern China Open
Significance Impacts of a newly launched rural residential solid fuel substitution campaign in China’s Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area on energy, emission, air quality, and exposure reveal that abating solid fuels will significantly reduce ambi…
View article
Solid Fuel from Oil Palm Biomass Residues and Municipal Solid Waste by Hydrothermal Treatment for Electrical Power Generation in Malaysia: A Review Open
Malaysia generated 156,665 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity in 2016 of which the biggest share of 48.4% was sourced from coal and coke. Malaysia coal consumption was met by 90.5% of imported coal due to high demand from the power sector…
View article
Health Effects of Household Solid Fuel Use: Findings from 11 Countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study Open
Use of solid fuels for cooking is a risk factor for mortality and cardiorespiratory disease. Continued efforts to replace solid fuels with cleaner alternatives are needed to reduce premature mortality and morbidity in developing countries.…
View article
Household air pollution and the sustainable development goals Open
Globally, 41% of households, over 2.8 billion people, rely on solid fuels (coal and biomass) for cooking and heating. In developing countries in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where these fuels are predominantly used, women who are customaril…
View article
Toxic potency-adjusted control of air pollution for solid fuel combustion Open
The combustion of solid fuels, including coal and biomass, is a main anthropogenic source of atmospheric particulate matter (PM). The hidden costs have been underestimated due to lack of consideration of the toxicity of PM. Here we report …
View article
Production and Characterization of Biomass Briquettes from Tannery Solid Waste Open
The tannery industry is renowned for the huge amount of toxic solid and liquid waste generated from the cleaning, fleshing, splitting, tanning, shaving and buffing of raw materials. Biomass briquettes are a proven way of generating energy …
View article
Effect of Operating Parameters and Moisture Content on Municipal Solid Waste Pyrolysis and Gasification Open
International audience
View article
Char fuel production in developing countries – A review of urban biowaste carbonization Open
Urban households in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) face the challenge of finding affordable, reliable and sustainable cooking fuel supplies. Most city residents use wood-based charcoal derived from mostly informal supply chains,…
View article
Moving torrefaction towards market introduction – Technical improvements and economic-environmental assessment along the overall torrefaction supply chain through the SECTOR project Open
The large-scale implementation of bioenergy demands solid biofuels which can be transported, stored and used efficiently. Torrefaction as a form of pyrolysis converts biomass into biofuels with according improved properties such as energy …
View article
Overview of Al-based nanoenergetic ingredients for solid rocket propulsion Open
The introduction of nano-sized energetic ingredients first occurred in Russia about 60 years ago and arose great expectations in the rocket propulsion community, thanks to the higher energy densities and faster energy release rates exhibit…
View article
Iron Ore Sintering: Process Open
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slag-forming agents, and solid fuel (coke). The purpose of the sintering process is manufacturing a product …
View article
Lignocellulosic Biomass Solid Fuel Properties Enhancement via Torrefaction Open
Torrefaction, also known as mild pyrolysis, is often carried out between temperature ranges of 200 and 300oC in anoxic conditions. It is a type of thermo-chemical pre-treatment process applicable to biomass in order to convert it into comp…
View article
Chemical Looping Combustion of Coal in China: Comprehensive Progress, Remaining Challenges, and Potential Opportunities Open
Chemical looping combustion (CLC) has emerged as an efficient and promising combustion technique for fossil fuels during the past few decades. The main advantages of CLC lie in its inherent CO2 sequestration and cascade energy utilization,…
View article
Observations on the release of gas-phase potassium during the combustion of single particles of biomass Open
One of the more significant characteristics of solid biomass fuels as compared to coal is the quantity of potassium that they contain. Potassium content influences ash deposition and corrosion mechanisms in furnaces, the effects of which m…
View article
An overview of biomass solid fuels: Biomass sources, processing methods, and morphological and microstructural properties Open
Biomass solid fuel (BSF) has emerged as a promising renewable energy source, but its morphological and microstructural properties are crucial in determining their physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics. This paper provides an o…
View article
Calculation of combustion air required for burning solid fuels (coal / biomass / solid waste) and analysis of flue gas composition Open
In power plants or any combustion systems, for a maximum efficiency of combustion, an operational safety procedure (reduction of CO emissions) and environmental pollution reduction, it is highly important to determine and monitor the flue …
View article
Thermal Properties of Biochars Derived from Waste Biomass Generated by Agricultural and Forestry Sectors Open
Waste residues produced by agricultural and forestry industries can generate energy and are regarded as a promising source of sustainable fuels. Pyrolysis, where waste biomass is heated under low-oxygen conditions, has recently attracted a…
View article
How the user can influence particulate emissions from residential wood and pellet stoves: Emission factors for different fuels and burning conditions Open
For a common household wood stove and a pellet stove we investigated the dependence of emission factors for various gaseous and particulate pollutants on burning phase, burning condition, and fuel. Ideal and non-ideal burning conditions (d…
View article
Technical properties of biomass and solid recovered fuel (SRF) co-fired with coal: Impact on multi-dimensional resource recovery value Open
The power plant sector is adopting the co-firing of biomass and solid recovered fuel (SRF) with coal in an effort to reduce its environmental impact and costs. Whereas this intervention contributes to reducing carbon emissions and those of…
View article
Combustion of municipal solid waste in fluidized bed or on grate – A comparison Open
Grate firing is the most common technology used for combustion of municipal solid waste. The more recently developed fluidized bed (FB) combustion is rarely employed for this purpose. The present work compares the technical properties of t…
View article
Utilization of Fly Ashes from Fluidized Bed Combustion: A Review Open
Traditionally fly ash is thought to be glassy, spherical particle originating from pulverized coal combustion (PCC) at temperature up to 1700 °C. However, nowadays fluidized bed combustion (FBC) technology is spreading quickly around the w…
View article
Regression Model to Predict the Higher Heating Value of Poultry Waste from Proximate Analysis Open
Improper land application of excess poultry waste (PW) causes environmental issues and other problems. Meanwhile there is an increasing trend of using PW as an alternative energy resource. The Higher Heating Value (HHV) is critical for des…
View article
Chemical-Looping Combustion of Solid Fuels – Status and Recent Progress Open
Chemical-Looping Combustion of solid fuels has been studied for ten years and significant progress has been made. The paper discusses operational experiences and various aspects of up-scaling, including similarities to fluidized-bed combus…