Fatty liver
View article: The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Open
This guidance provides a data-supported approach to the diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive aspects of NAFLD care. A “Guidance” document is different from a “Guideline.” Guidelines are developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts …
View article
A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement Open
The exclusion of other chronic liver diseases including "excess" alcohol intake has until now been necessary to establish a diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, given our current understanding…
View article
The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review Open
Background and Aims: NAFLD is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. We assessed the global and regional prevalence, incidence, and mortality of NAFLD using an in-depth meta-analytic approach. Approach and Results: PubMe…
View article
Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and resulting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are highly prevalent in the United States, where they are a growing cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and increasingly an indica…
View article
AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Open
PREAMBLE The study of NAFLD has intensified significantly, with more than 1400 publications since 2018, when the last American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Guidance document was published.1 This new AASLD Guidance do…
View article
Global Perspectives on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Open
Over the past 2 decades, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown from a relatively unknown disease to the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the world. In fact, 25% of the world’s population is currently thought to ha…
View article
Increased risk of mortality by fibrosis stage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review and meta‐analysis Open
Liver fibrosis is the most important predictor of mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Quantitative risk of mortality by fibrosis stage has not been systematically evaluated. We aimed to quantify the fibrosis stage–specif…
View article
Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update Open
Liver disease accounts for two million deaths annually and is responsible for 4% of all deaths (1 out of every 25 deaths worldwide); approximately two-thirds of all liver-related deaths occur in men. Deaths are largely attributable to comp…
View article
Obesity: a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation Open
Summary This paper considers the argument for obesity as a chronic relapsing disease process. Obesity is viewed from an epidemiological model, with an agent affecting the host and producing disease. Food is the primary agent, particularly …
View article
The pathogenesis of insulin resistance: integrating signaling pathways and substrate flux Open
Insulin resistance arises when the nutrient storage pathways evolved to maximize efficient energy utilization are exposed to chronic energy surplus. Ectopic lipid accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle triggers pathways that impair insu…
View article
A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resmetirom in NASH with Liver Fibrosis Open
Both the 80-mg dose and the 100-mg dose of resmetirom were superior to placebo with respect to NASH resolution and improvement in liver fibrosis by at least one stage. (Funded by Madrigal Pharmaceuticals; MAESTRO-NASH ClinicalTrials.gov nu…
View article
The economic and clinical burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States and Europe Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease. There is uncertainty around the economic burden of NAFLD. We constructed a steady‐state prevalence model to quantify this burden in the United States and E…
View article
Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is strongly associated with the presence of oxidative stress. Disturbances in lipid metabolism lead to hepatic lipid accumulation, …
View article
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and other extrahepatic diseases Open
Key physiological functions of the liver, including glucose and lipid metabolism, become disturbed in the setting of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may be associated with a systemic inflammatory ‘ milieu ’ initiated in part …
View article
Diet-Independent Correlations between Bacteria and Dysfunction of Gut, Adipose Tissue, and Liver: A Comprehensive Microbiota Analysis in Feces and Mucosa of the Ileum and Colon in Obese Mice with NAFLD Open
Development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, and gut dysfunction, all of which depend on diet. So far, studies have mainly focused on diet-related fecal microbiota changes, but…
View article
Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders Open
The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes(T2D), liver lipid disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and changes in diet, exercise and aging. However, there is now consi…
View article
Triglyceride Metabolism in the Liver Open
Triglyceride molecules represent the major form of storage and transport of fatty acids within cells and in the plasma. The liver is the central organ for fatty acid metabolism. Fatty acids accrue in liver by hepatocellular uptake from the…
View article
Prospective Study of Outcomes in Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Open
In this prospective study involving patients with NAFLD, fibrosis stages F3 and F4 were associated with increased risks of liver-related complications and death. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseas…
View article
Sex Differences in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: State of the Art and Identification of Research Gaps Open
Despite tremendous research advancements in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), our understanding of sex differences in NAFLD remains insufficient. This review summarizes the current knowledge on sex differences in NAFLD, identifies …
View article
NASPGHAN Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent chronic liver disease that occurs in the setting of insulin resistance and increased adiposity. It has rapidly evolved into the most common liver disease seen in the pediatric …
View article
Comparison of laboratory tests, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance elastography to detect fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta‐analysis Open
Many noninvasive methods for diagnosing liver fibrosis (LF) have been proposed. To determine the best method for diagnosing LF in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we conducted a systemic review and meta‐analysis to compare the per…
View article
ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease Open
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) comprises a clinical-histologic spectrum including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), and cirrhosis with its complications. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and data on the prevalence and pro…
View article
Dietary cholesterol drives fatty liver-associated liver cancer by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites Open
Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing healthcare burden worldwide. We examined the role of dietary cholesterol in driving NAFLD–HCC through modulating gut microbiota …
View article
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss Open
Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity worldwide, the deleterious effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming a growing challenge for public health. NAFLD is the most common chronic liver disease in t…
View article
Fibrosis Severity as a Determinant of Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Advanced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-National Cohort Study Open
Patients with NAFLD cirrhosis have predominantly liver-related events, whereas those with bridging fibrosis have predominantly nonhepatic cancers and vascular events.
View article
Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the presence of hepatic fat accumulation after the exclusion of other causes of hepatic steatosis, including other causes of liver disease, excessive alcohol consumption, and other con…
View article
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An expanded review Open
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses the simple steatosis to more progressive steatosis with associated hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and in some cases hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is a growing epidemic, not only in t…
View article
Review of hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology, etiology, and carcinogenesis Open
Since the 1970s, the epidemic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has spread beyond the Eastern Asian predominance and has been increasing in Northern hemisphere, especially in the United States (US) and Western Europe. It occurs more common…
View article
Liver PPARα is crucial for whole-body fatty acid homeostasis and is protective against NAFLD Open
Objective Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a nuclear receptor expressed in tissues with high oxidative activity that plays a central role in metabolism. In this work, we investigated the effect of hepatocyte PPARα on…
View article
Magnetic Resonance Elastography vs Transient Elastography in Detection of Fibrosis and Noninvasive Measurement of Steatosis in Patients With Biopsy-Proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Open
In a prospective, cross-sectional study of more than 100 patients, we found MRE to be more accurate than TE in identification of liver fibrosis (stage 1 or more), using biopsy analysis as the standard. MRI-PDFF is more accurate than CAP in…