Sympatry
View article: Spatio-temporal interactions facilitate large carnivore sympatry across a resource gradient
Spatio-temporal interactions facilitate large carnivore sympatry across a resource gradient Open
Species within a guild vary their use of time, space and resources, thereby enabling sympatry. As intra-guild competition intensifies, such behavioural adaptations may become prominent. We assessed mechanisms of facilitating sympatry among…
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Genomics of Rapid Incipient Speciation in Sympatric Threespine Stickleback Open
Ecological speciation is the process by which reproductively isolated populations emerge as a consequence of divergent natural or ecologically-mediated sexual selection. Most genomic studies of ecological speciation have investigated allop…
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The bioelements, the elementome, and the biogeochemical niche Open
Every living creature on Earth is made of atoms of the various bioelements that are harnessed in the construction of molecules, tissues, organisms, and communities, as we know them. Organisms need these bioelements in specific quantities a…
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Speciation with gene flow via cycles of isolation and migration: insights from multiple mangrove taxa Open
Allopatric speciation requiring an unbroken period of geographical isolation has been the standard model of neo-Darwinism. While doubts have been repeatedly raised, strict allopatry without any gene flow remains a plausible mechanism in mo…
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Demographic modelling with whole‐genome data reveals parallel origin of similar<i>Pundamilia</i>cichlid species after hybridization Open
Modes and mechanisms of speciation are best studied in young species pairs. In older taxa, it is increasingly difficult to distinguish what happened during speciation from what happened after speciation. Lake Victoria cichlids in the genus…
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Estimating the Effect of Competition on Trait Evolution Using Maximum Likelihood Inference Open
Many classical ecological and evolutionary theoretical frameworks posit that competition between species is an important selective force. For example, in adaptive radiations, resource competition between evolving lineages plays a role in d…
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Disentangling structural genomic and behavioural barriers in a sea of connectivity Open
Genetic divergence among populations arises through natural selection or drift and is counteracted by connectivity and gene flow. In sympatric populations, isolating mechanisms are thus needed to limit the homogenizing effects of gene flow…
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Multispecies Outcomes of Sympatric Speciation after Admixture with the Source Population in Two Radiations of Nicaraguan Crater Lake Cichlids Open
The formation of species in the absence of geographic barriers (i.e. sympatric speciation) remains one of the most controversial topics in evolutionary biology. While theoretical models have shown that this most extreme case of primary div…
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A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic Open
We investigate mitochondrial (COI, 16S rDNA) and nuclear (ITS2, 28S rDNA) genetic structure of North East Atlantic lineages of Terebellides, a genus of sedentary annelids mainly inhabiting continental shelf and slope sediments. We demonstr…
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Unidirectional diploid–tetraploid introgression among British birch trees with shifting ranges shown by restriction site‐associated markers Open
Hybridization may lead to introgression of genes among species. Introgression may be bidirectional or unidirectional, depending on factors such as the demography of the hybridizing species, or the nature of reproductive barriers between th…
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Decomposing the Causes for Niche Differentiation Between Species Using Hypervolumes Open
Hutchinson's n-dimensional hypervolume concept holds a central role across different fields of ecology and evolution. The question of the amount of hypervolume overlap and differentiation between species is of great interest to understand …
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Taxonomic review of the New World tamarins (Primates: Callitrichidae) Open
Twelve generic names have been ascribed to the New World tamarins but all are currently placed in just one: Saguinus Hoffmannsegg, 1807. Based on geographical distributions, morphology, and pelage patterns and coloration, they have been di…
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On the role of male competition in speciation: a review and research agenda Open
Little attention has been given to how males competing for mates can facilitate the evolution and persistence of new species. We expand the current framework for how new species evolve (speciation) to include male competition, drawing on r…
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Spatio-temporal ecology of sympatric felids on Borneo. Evidence for resource partitioning? Open
Niche differentiation, the partitioning of resources along one or more axes of a species' niche hyper-volume, is widely recognised as an important mechanism for sympatric species to reduce interspecific competition and predation risk, and …
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Searching for Sympatric Speciation in the Genomic Era Open
Sympatric speciation illustrates how natural and sexual selection may create new species in isolation without geographic barriers. However, recent genomic reanalyses of classic examples of sympatric speciation reveal complex histories of s…
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The conundrum of species delimitation: a genomic perspective on a mitogenetically super-variable butterfly Open
The Palaearctic butterfly Melitaea didyma stands out as one of the most striking cases of intraspecific genetic differentiation detected in Lepidoptera: 11 partially sympatric mitochondrial lineages have been reported, displaying levels of…
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Competition and hybridization drive interspecific territoriality in birds Open
Costly interactions between species that arise as a by-product of ancestral similarities in communication signals are expected to persist only under specific evolutionary circumstances. Territorial aggression between species, for instance,…
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High inter‐ and intraspecific niche overlap among three sympatrically breeding, closely related seabird species: Generalist foraging as an adaptation to a highly variable environment? Open
Ecological niche theory predicts sympatric species to show segregation in their spatio‐temporal habitat utilization or diet as a strategy to avoid competition. Similarly, within species individuals may specialize on specific dietary resour…
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Borrelia bavariensis: Vector Switch, Niche Invasion, and Geographical Spread of a Tick-Borne Bacterial Parasite Open
The Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex currently consists of more than 20 species that utilize small vertebrate hosts as reservoirs and ticks of the genus Ixodes as vectors. The bacterial parasite species differ in their ecolo…
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Three-dimensional partitioning of resources by congeneric forest predators with recent sympatry Open
Coexistence of ecologically similar species can be maintained by partitioning along one or more niche axes. Three-dimensional structural complexity is central to facilitating resource partitioning between many forest species, but is underr…
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Experimental (co)evolution in a multi‐species microbial community results in local maladaptation Open
Interspecific coevolutionary interactions can result in rapid biotic adaptation, but most studies have focused only on species pairs. Here, we (co)evolved five microbial species in replicate polycultures and monocultures and quantified loc…
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Niche divergence between diploid and autotetraploid <i>Tolmiea</i> Open
PREMISE OF STUDY: Polyploidy is common in eukaryotes and is of major evolutionary importance over both short and long time‐scales. Compared to allopolyploids, autopolyploids remain understudied; they are often morphologically cryptic and f…
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Phylogeography of a cryptic speciation continuum in Eurasian spadefoot toads (<i>Pelobates</i>) Open
Cryptic phylogeographic diversifications provide unique models to examine the role of phylogenetic divergence on the evolution of reproductive isolation, without extrinsic factors such as ecological and behavioural differentiation. Yet, to…
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Genomic Differentiation during Speciation-with-Gene-Flow: Comparing Geographic and Host-Related Variation in Divergent Life History Adaptation in Rhagoletis pomonella Open
A major goal of evolutionary biology is to understand how variation within populations gets partitioned into differences between reproductively isolated species. Here, we examine the degree to which diapause life history timing, a critical…
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Comparative Microbiome Profiles of Sympatric Tick Species from the Far-Western United States Open
Insight into the composition and function of the tick microbiome has expanded considerably in recent years. Thus far, tick microbiome studies have focused on species and life stages that are responsible for transmitting disease. In this st…
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Geographic variation in advertisement calls of a Microhylid frog – testing the role of drift and ecology Open
Acoustic signals for mating are important traits that could drive population differentiation and speciation. Ecology may play a role in acoustic divergence through direct selection (e.g., local adaptation to abiotic environment), constrain…
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Competition‐driven niche segregation on a landscape scale: Evidence for escaping from syntopy towards allotopy in two coexisting sibling passerine species Open
The role of interspecific competition for generating patterns in species’ distribution is hotly debated and studies taking into account processes occurring at both large and small spatial scales are almost missing. Theoretically, competiti…
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Multivariate and Cladistic Analyses of Isolated Teeth Reveal Sympatry of Theropod Dinosaurs in the Late Jurassic of Northern Germany Open
Remains of theropod dinosaurs are very rare in Northern Germany because the area was repeatedly submerged by a shallow epicontinental sea during the Mesozoic. Here, 80 Late Jurassic theropod teeth are described of which the majority were c…
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Ecological Distribution and CQ11 Genetic Structure of Culex pipiens Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Italy Open
Mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are considered to be involved in the transmission of a range of pathogens, including West Nile virus (WNV). Although its taxonomic status is still debated, the complex includes species, both globally…
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Capuchin monkey biogeography: understanding<i>Sapajus</i>Pleistocene range expansion and the current sympatry between<i>Cebus</i>and<i>Sapajus</i> Open
Aim Our aim was to examine gracile capuchin ( Cebus ) and robust capuchin monkey ( Sapajus ) diversification, with a focus on recent Sapajus expansion within Amazonia. We wanted to reconstruct the biogeographical history of the clade using…