View article: Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems Open
Spin-orbit coupling in inversion-asymmetric magnetic crystals and structures has emerged as a powerful tool to generate complex magnetic textures, interconvert charge and spin under applied current, and control magnetization dynamics. Curr…
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Full-Body Musculoskeletal Model for Muscle-Driven Simulation of Human Gait Open
The model is implemented in the open-source software platform OpenSim. The model and data used to create and test the simulations are freely available at https://simtk.org/home/full_body/, allowing others to reproduce these results and cre…
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Dynamic Locomotion in the MIT Cheetah 3 Through Convex Model-Predictive Control Open
© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents an implementation of model predictive control (MPC) to determine ground reaction forces for a torque-controlled quadruped robot. The robot dynamics are simplified to formulate the problem as convex optimiza…
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Latest Advances of Model Predictive Control in Electrical Drives—Part I: Basic Concepts and Advanced Strategies Open
The application of model predictive control in electrical drives has been studied extensively in the past decade. This article presents what the authors consider the most relevant contributions published in the last years, mainly focusing …
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Opportunities and Challenges of Switched Reluctance Motor Drives for Electric Propulsion: A Comparative Study Open
Selection of the proper electric traction drive is an important step in design and performance optimization of electrified powertrains. Due to the use of high energy magnets, permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) have been the prima…
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Determination of spin torque efficiencies in heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy Open
We report that by measuring current-induced hysteresis loop shift versus in-plane bias magnetic field, the spin Hall effect (SHE) contribution of the current-induced effective field per current density, $\chi_{SHE}$, can be estimated for P…
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Overview of automotive engine friction and reduction trends–Effects of surface, material, and lubricant-additive technologies Open
The increasing global environmental awareness, evidenced by recent worldwide calls for control of climate change and greenhouse emissions, has placed significant new technical mandates for automotives to improve engine efficiency, which is…
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A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles Open
Greenhouse gas emissions from the freight transportation sector are a significant contributor to climate change, pollution, and negative health impacts because of the common use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDVs). Governments around the …
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Myoelectric control of prosthetic hands: state-of-the-art review Open
Myoelectric signals (MES) have been used in various applications, in particular, for identification of user intention to potentially control assistive devices for amputees, orthotic devices, and exoskeleton in order to augment capability o…
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Levenberg–Marquardt Backpropagation Training of Multilayer Neural Networks for State Estimation of a Safety-Critical Cyber-Physical System Open
As an important safety critical cyber-physical system (CPS), the braking system is essential to the safe operation of the electric vehicle. Accurate estimation of the brake pressure is of great importance for automotive CPS design and cont…
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Generation of extreme-ultraviolet beams with time-varying orbital angular momentum Open
Pulses with a twist and torque Structured light beams can serve as vortex beams carrying optical angular momentum and have been used to enhance optical communications and imaging. Rego et al. generated dynamic vortex pulses by interfering …
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Optically Levitated Nanodumbbell Torsion Balance and GHz Nanomechanical Rotor Open
Levitated optomechanics has great potential in precision measurements, thermodynamics, macroscopic quantum mechanics, and quantum sensing. Here we synthesize and optically levitate silica nanodumbbells in high vacuum. With a linearly polar…
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Review of control strategies for lower-limb exoskeletons to assist gait Open
Background Many lower-limb exoskeletons have been developed to assist gait, exhibiting a large range of control methods. The goal of this paper is to review and classify these control strategies, that determine how these devices interact w…
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Antidamping-Torque-Induced Switching in Biaxial Antiferromagnetic Insulators Open
We investigate the current-induced switching of the Neel order in NiO(001)/Pt\nheterostructures,which is manifested electrically via the spin Hall\nmagnetoresistance. Significant reversible changes in the longitudinal and\ntransverse resis…
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A Review of BLDC Motor: State of Art, Advanced Control Techniques, and Applications Open
Brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are mostly preferred for dynamic applications such as automotive industries, pumping industries, and rolling industries. It is predicted that by 2030, BLDC motors will become mainstream of power trans…
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A Novel Ultrasound Robot With Force/Torque Measurement and Control for Safe and Efficient Scanning Open
Medical ultrasound is of increasing importance in medical diagnosis and intraoperative assistance and possesses great potential advantages when integrated with robotics. However, some concerns, including the operation efficiency, operation…
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GHz Rotation of an Optically Trapped Nanoparticle in Vacuum Open
We report on rotating an optically trapped silica nanoparticle in vacuum by transferring spin angular momentum of light to the particle's mechanical angular momentum. At sufficiently low damping, realized at pressures below 10^{-5} mbar, w…
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Terahertz Antiferromagnetic Spin Hall Nano-Oscillator Open
We consider the current-induced dynamics of insulating antiferromagnets in a spin Hall geometry. Sufficiently large in-plane currents perpendicular to the Néel order trigger spontaneous oscillations at frequencies between the acoustic and …
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Advanced Control Strategies of Induction Machine: Field Oriented Control, Direct Torque Control and Model Predictive Control Open
Field oriented control (FOC), direct torque control (DTC) and finite set model predictive control (FS-MPC) are different strategies for high performance electrical drive systems. FOC uses linear controllers and pulse width modulation (PWM)…
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High Antiferromagnetic Domain Wall Velocity Induced by Néel Spin-Orbit Torques Open
We demonstrate the possibility to drive an antiferromagnetic domain wall at high velocities by fieldlike Néel spin-orbit torques. Such torques arise from current-induced local fields that alternate their orientation on each sublattice of t…
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A Review on Machine Topologies and Control Techniques for Low-Noise Switched Reluctance Motors in Electric Vehicle Applications Open
This paper presents a technical overview for low-noise switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives in electric vehicle (EV) applications. With ever-increasing concerns over environmental and cost issues associated with permanent magnet machines…
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A Very Simple Strategy for High-Quality Performance of AC Machines Using Model Predictive Control Open
This paper presents a new and very simple strategy for torque and flux control of ac machines. The method is based on model predictive control and uses one cost function for the torque and a separate cost function for the flux. This strate…
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ANYmal - A Highly Mobile and Dynamic Quadrupedal Robot Open
This paper introduces ANYmal, a quadrupedal robot that features outstanding mobility and dynamic motion capability. Thanks to novel, compliant joint modules with integrated electronics, the 30 kg, 0.5m tall robotic dog is torque controllab…
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Active lower limb prosthetics: a systematic review of design issues and solutions Open
This paper presents a review on design issues and solutions found in active lower limb prostheses. This review is based on a systematic literature search with a methodical search strategy. The search was carried out across four major techn…
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Model Predictive Control of Six-Phase Induction Motor Drives Using Virtual Voltage Vectors Open
The most serious and recent competitor to the standard field oriented control for induction motors (IM) is the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). Nevertheless, the extension to multiphase drives faces the impossibility …
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Design of the Hydraulically Actuated, Torque-Controlled Quadruped Robot HyQ2Max Open
This paper presents the design of the hydraulically actuated quadruped robot HyQ2Max. HyQ2Max is an evolution of the 80 kg agile and versatile robot HyQ. Compared to HyQ, the new robot needs to be more rugged, more powerful and extend the …
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Review and Development of Electric Motor Systems and Electric Powertrains for New Energy Vehicles Open
This paper presents a review on the recent research and technical progress of electric motor systems and electric powertrains for new energy vehicles. Through the analysis and comparison of direct current motor, induction motor, and synchr…
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Anomalous Current-Induced Spin Torques in Ferrimagnets near Compensation Open
While current-induced spin-orbit torques have been extensively studied in ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, ferrimagnets have been less studied. Here we report the presence of enhanced spin-orbit torques resulting from negative exchange i…
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Antiferromagnetic Domain Wall Motion Driven by Spin-Orbit Torques Open
We theoretically investigate the dynamics of antiferromagnetic domain walls driven by spin-orbit torques in antiferromagnet-heavy-metal bilayers. We show that spin-orbit torques drive antiferromagnetic domain walls much faster than ferroma…
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Highly Efficient Spin–Orbit Torque and Switching of Layered Ferromagnet Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> Open
Among van der Waals (vdW) layered ferromagnets, Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) is an excellent candidate material to form FGT/heavy metal heterostructures for studying the effect of spin-orbit torques (SOT). Its metallicity, strong perpendicular magnetic …