Two-alternative forced choice
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Forced to leave? The discursive and analytical significance of describing migration as forced and voluntary Open
This article examines voluntariness in migration decisions by promoting the acknowledgement of forced and voluntary migration as a continuum of experience, not a dichotomy. Studies on conflict-related migration and migration, in general, r…
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Controlling for Response Biases in Self-Report Scales: Forced-Choice vs. Psychometric Modeling of Likert Items Open
One important problem in the measurement of non-cognitive characteristics such as personality traits and attitudes is that it has traditionally been made through Likert scales, which are susceptible to response biases such as social desira…
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On the Statistical and Practical Limitations of Thurstonian IRT Models Open
Forced-choice questionnaires have been proposed to avoid common response biases typically associated with rating scale questionnaires. To overcome ipsativity issues of trait scores obtained from classical scoring approaches of forced-choic…
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Which hand is mine? Discriminating body ownership perception in a two-alternative forced-choice task Open
The experience of one’s body as one’s own is referred to as the sense of body ownership. This central part of human conscious experience determines the boundary between the self and the external environment, a crucial distinction in percep…
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Confidence Forced-Choice and Other Metaperceptual Tasks* Open
Metaperception is the self-monitoring and self-control of one’s own perception. Perceptual confidence is the prototypical example of metaperception. Perceptual confidence refers to the ability to judge whether a perceptual decision is corr…
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Using two-alternative forced choice tasks and Thurstone’s law of comparative judgments for code-switching research Open
This article argues that 2-alternative forced choice tasks and Thurstone’s law of comparative judgments ( Thurstone, 1927 ) are well suited to investigate code-switching competence by means of acceptability judgments. We compare this metho…
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Opposite effects of choice history and evidence history resolve a paradox of sequential choice bias Open
Perceptual decisions are biased toward previous decisions. Earlier research suggests that this choice repetition bias is increased after previous decisions of high confidence, as inferred from response time measures (Urai, Braun, & Donner,…
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KDEF-PT: Valence, Emotional Intensity, Familiarity and Attractiveness Ratings of Angry, Neutral, and Happy Faces Open
The Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) is one of the most widely used human facial expressions database. Almost a decade after the original validation study (Goeleven et al., 2008), we present subjective rating norms for a sub-set …
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Lassoing Skill Through Learner Choice Open
The authors examined several issues related to the motor learning benefits resulting from giving learners choices. In 2 experiments, participants practiced a novel task, throwing a lasso. In Experiment 1, giving learners a choice ostensibl…
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Human Envelope Following Responses to Amplitude Modulation: Effects of Aging and Modulation Depth Open
Objective: To record envelope following responses (EFRs) to monaural amplitude-modulated broadband noise carriers in which amplitude modulation (AM) depth was slowly changed over time and to compare these objective electrophysiological mea…
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<i>El book</i> or <i>the libro</i>? Insights from acceptability judgments into determiner/noun code-switches Open
Objectives/research questions: We used two types of acceptability judgments to experimentally test the predictions of two theoretical models of code-switching regarding the surface realization of the determiner in nominal constructions: le…
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Age-related impairment on a forced-choice version of the Mnemonic Similarity Task. Open
Previous studies from our lab have indicated that healthy older adults are impaired in their ability to mnemonically discriminate between previously viewed objects and similar lure objects in the Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST). These studi…
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Identifying the significance of nonlinear normal modes Open
Nonlinear normal modes (NNMs) are widely used as a tool for understanding the forced responses of nonlinear systems. However, the contemporary definition of an NNM also encompasses a large number of dynamic behaviours which are not observe…
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Effect of response context and masker type on word recognition in school-age children and adults Open
In adults, masked speech recognition improves with the provision of a closed set of response alternatives. The present study evaluated whether school-age children (5–13 years) benefit to the same extent as adults from a forced-choice conte…
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Comparing Three Established Methods for Tinnitus Pitch Matching With Respect to Reliability, Matching Duration, and Subjective Satisfaction Open
The pitch of tinnitus sound is a key characteristic that is of importance to research and sound therapies relying on exact tinnitus pitch matches. The identification of this tinnitus pitch is a challenging task as there is no objective mea…
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Comparison of Single-Response Format and Forced-Choice Format Instruments Using Thurstonian Item Response Theory Open
One of the most cited methodological issues is with the response format, which is traditionally a single-response Likert response format. Therefore, our study aims to elucidate and illustrate an alternative response format and analytic tec…
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Two choices good, four choices better: For measuring stereoacuity in children, a four-alternative forced-choice paradigm is more efficient than two Open
Bias and precision were similar in a 4-AFC task compared to a 2-AFC task with double the number of trials. However, a 4-AFC paradigm was more time efficient and is therefore recommended.
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Can High-Dimensional Questionnaires Resolve the Ipsativity Issue of Forced-Choice Response Formats? Open
Forced-choice questionnaires can prevent faking and other response biases typically associated with rating scales. However, the derived trait scores are often unreliable and ipsative, making interindividual comparisons in high-stakes situa…
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Faces on Her and His Mind: Female and Likable Open
Faces are a valuable source of non-verbal information for daily life social interaction. Mounting evidence points to gender specificity in face perception. Here we search for the factors that can potentially trigger gender differences in t…
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A Meta-Analysis of the Faking Resistance of Forced-Choice Personality Inventories Open
This study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis on the faking resistance of forced-choice (FC) inventories. The results showed that (1) FC inventories show resistance to faking behavior; (2) the magnitude of faking is higher in experimen…
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Criterion-related Validity of Forced-Choice Personality Measures: A Cautionary Note Regarding Thurstonian IRT versus Classical Test Theory Scoring Open
This study examined criterion-related validity for job-related composites of forced-choice personality scores against job performance using both Thurstonian Item Response Theory (TIRT) and Classical Test Theory (CTT) scoring methods. Corre…
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Spatial Vision in Bombus terrestris Open
Bombus terrestris is one of the most commonly used insect models to investigate visually guided behavior and spatial vision in particular. Two fundamental measures of spatial vision are spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity. In this …
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Prediction of Choice from Competing Mechanosensory and Choice-Memory Cues during Active Tactile Decision Making Open
Perceptual decision making is an active process where animals move their sense organs to extract task-relevant information. To investigate how the brain translates sensory input into decisions during active sensation, we developed a mouse …
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You see what you look for: Targets and distractors in visual search can cause opposing serial dependencies Open
Visual perception is, at any given moment, strongly influenced by its temporal context-what stimuli have recently been perceived and in what surroundings. We have previously shown that to-be-ignored items produce a bias upon subsequent per…
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Seven (weak and strong) helping effects systematically tested in separate evaluation, joint evaluation and forced choice Open
In ten studies (N = 9187), I systematically investigated the direction and size of seven helping effects (the identifiable-victim effect, proportion dominance effect, ingroup effect, existence effect, innocence effect, age effect and gende…
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The Multidimensional Forced-Choice Format as an Alternative for Rating Scales Open
peer reviewed
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What we’ve been missing about what we’ve been missing: Above-chance sensitivity to inattentional blindness stimuli Open
Inattentional blindness—the failure to report clearly visible stimuli when attention is otherwise engaged—is among the most striking and well-known phenomena in psychology. But does inattention really render subjects "blind," or do they se…
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Detection of Forced Change Within Combined Climate Fields Using Explainable Neural Networks Open
Assessing forced climate change requires the extraction of the forced signal from the background of climate noise. Traditionally, tools for extracting forced climate change signals have focused on one atmospheric variable at a time, howeve…
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Forced marriage of people with learning disabilities: a human rights issue Open
This paper reports some of the findings of an exploratory study which sought to better understand the demographics of forced marriage of people with learning disabilities and the contexts in which such marriages may occur. It was found tha…
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Reward Sensitivity Enhances Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation during Free Choice Open
Expressing one's preference via choice can be rewarding, particularly when decisions are voluntarily made as opposed to being forced. An open question is whether engaging in choices involving rewards recruits distinct neural systems as a f…