Herd immunity ≈ Herd immunity
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Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period Open
What happens next? Four months into the severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, we still do not know enough about postrecovery immune protection and environmental and seasonal influences on transmission to pr…
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Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France Open
COVID-19 pandemic in France Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exacted a heavy toll in France during March and April 2020. Quarantine measures were effective in reducing transmission by 84%, and some relaxation of social isolation was exp…
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Preexisting and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans Open
Antibodies predating infection Immunological memory after infection with seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) may potentially contribute to cross-protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ng et al. re…
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Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Adolescents Open
The BNT162b2 vaccine in 12-to-15-year-old recipients had a favorable safety profile, produced a greater immune response than in young adults, and was highly effective against Covid-19. (Funded by BioNTech and Pfizer; C4591001 ClinicalTrial…
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Confidence and Receptivity for COVID-19 Vaccines: A Rapid Systematic Review Open
While COVID-19 continues raging worldwide, effective vaccines are highly anticipated. However, vaccine hesitancy is widespread. Survey results on uptake intentions vary and continue to change. This review compared trends and synthesized fi…
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Model-informed COVID-19 vaccine prioritization strategies by age and serostatus Open
Limited initial supply of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine raises the question of how to prioritize available doses. We used a mathematical model to compare five age-stratified prioritization strategies.…
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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France: a survey experiment based on vaccine characteristics Open
French Public Health Agency (Santé Publique France).
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COVID-19 vaccines: where we stand and challenges ahead Open
In the eleven months elapsed since the identification of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its genome, an exceptional effort by the scientific community has led to the development of over 300 vaccine projects. Over 40 are now undergoing clinical ev…
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Protection against SARS-CoV-2 after Covid-19 Vaccination and Previous Infection Open
BACKGROUND: The duration and effectiveness of immunity from infection with and vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are relevant to pandemic policy interventions, including the timing of vaccine …
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A mathematical model reveals the influence of population heterogeneity on herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Open
Heterogeneity and herd immunity In response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), some politicians have been keen to exploit the idea of achieving herd immunity. Countering this possibility are estimates derived …
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Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage — United States, December 29, 2020–January 12, 2021 Open
On December 14, 2020, the United Kingdom reported a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC), lineage B.1.1.7, also referred to as VOC 202012/01 or 20I/501Y.V1.* The B.1.1.7 variant is estimated to have emerged in September 2020 and has quickly…
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Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine based on the health belief model: A population-based survey in Hong Kong Open
Governmental recommendation is an important driver, whereas perceived susceptibility is not associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. These HBM constructs and independent predictors inform evidence-based formulation and implementatio…
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Lack of Trust, Conspiracy Beliefs, and Social Media Use Predict COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Open
As COVID-19 vaccines are rolled out across the world, there are growing concerns about the roles that trust, belief in conspiracy theories, and spread of misinformation through social media play in impacting vaccine hesitancy. We use a nat…
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The Impact of Vaccination on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreaks in the United States Open
Background Global vaccine development efforts have been accelerated in response to the devastating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the impact of a 2-dose COVID-19 vaccination campaign on reducing incidence, hospi…
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Barriers to vaccination in Latin America: A systematic literature review Open
Current vaccination coverage rates in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are lower than the region-wide rates set by the Pan American Health Organization. To improve vaccination uptake, it is crucial to identify barriers to vaccination.…
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Three-quarters attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a largely unmitigated epidemic Open
Attack rate in Manaus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) incidence peaked in Manaus, Brazil, in May 2020 with a devastating toll on the city's inhabitants, leaving its health services shattered and cemeteries over…
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Immunological characteristics govern the transition of COVID-19 to endemicity Open
Taming a pandemic One year after its emergence, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become so widespread that there is little hope of elimination. There are, however, several other human coronaviruses that are …
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Primary exposure to SARS-CoV-2 protects against reinfection in rhesus macaques Open
Immunity from reinfection One of the many open questions about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is whether an individual who has cleared the virus can be infected a second time and get sick. Chandrashe…
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Protection and Waning of Natural and Hybrid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Open
Among persons who had been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 (regardless of whether they had received any dose of vaccine or whether they had received one dose before or after infection), protection against reinfection decreased as the t…
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Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the post-pandemic period Open
There is an urgent need to project how transmission of the novel betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 will unfold in coming years. These dynamics will depend on seasonality, the duration of immunity, and the strength of cross-immunity to/from the ot…
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Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity induces convergent Omicron RBD evolution Open
Continuous evolution of Omicron has led to a rapid and simultaneous emergence of numerous variants that display growth advantages over BA. 5. Despite their divergent evolutionary courses, mutations on their receptor-binding domain (RBD) co…
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Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities Open
Seasonal flu by ZIP code Influenza virus strikes communities in northern latitudes during winter, straining health care provision almost to the breaking point. Change in environmental humidity is a key driver, but many other seasonal and s…
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Attitudes, acceptance and hesitancy among the general population worldwide to receive the COVID-19 vaccines and their contributing factors: A systematic review Open
A variety of different factors contributed to increased hesitancy, including having negative perception of vaccine efficacy, safety, convenience, and price. Some of the consistent socio-demographic groups that were identified to be associa…
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The dynamics of humoral immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential for reinfection Open
SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that is the causative agent of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of 17 April 2020, it has infected 2 114 269 people, resulting in 145 144 deaths. The timing, magnitude and longevity of hum…
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Serological assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), March 2020 Open
Background The ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has major impacts on health systems, the economy and society. Assessing infection attack rates in the population is critical for estimating disease severity and herd immunity w…
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Why is COVID‐19 so mild in children? Open
There is an urgent need to understand why the course of the coronavirus that started in late 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting different groups of individuals with varying severity during the ongoing global pandemic. Greater knowledge of the di…
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COVID-19 Vaccine–Related Discussion on Twitter: Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis Open
Background Vaccination is a cornerstone of the prevention of communicable infectious diseases; however, vaccines have traditionally met with public fear and hesitancy, and COVID-19 vaccines are no exception. Social media use has been demon…
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A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: antibody kinetics, correlates of protection, and association of antibody responses with severity of disease Open
The duration and nature of immunity generated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. Many public health responses and modeled scenarios for COVID-19 outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-2 assume that infection results in an immune respons…
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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance: Correlates in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of the Australian population Open
Background High levels of vaccination coverage in populations will be required even with vaccines that have high levels of effectiveness to prevent and stop outbreaks of coronavirus. The World Health Organisation has suggested that governm…
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COVID-19 Vaccine Frontrunners and Their Nanotechnology Design Open
Humanity is experiencing a catastrophic pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally to cause significant morbidity and mortality, and there still remain unknowns about the biology and pathology of the virus. Even with testing, tracing, and so…