Federated learning (also known as collaborative learning) is a machine
learning technique in a setting where multiple entities (often called clients)
collaboratively train a model while keeping their data decentralized, rather
than centrally stored. A defining characteristic of federated learning is data
heterogeneity. Because client data is decentralized, data samples held by each
client may not be independently and identically distributed.
Federated learning is generally concerned with and motivated by issues such as
data privacy, data minimization, and data access rights. Its applications
involve a variety of research areas including defence, telecommunications, the
Internet of things, and pharmaceuticals.
…