A multi-agent system (MAS or "self-organized system") is a
computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents.
Multi-agent systems can solve problems that are difficult or impossible for an
individual agent or a monolithic system to solve. Intelligence may include
methodic, functional, procedural approaches, algorithmic search or
reinforcement learning. With advancements in large language models (LLMs),
LLM-based multi-agent systems have emerged as a new area of research, enabling
more sophisticated interactions and coordination among agents.
Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as
an agent-based model (ABM).