Many scholars and policymakers have noted that the fields of science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) have remained predominantly
male with historically low participation among women since the origins of
these fields in the 18th century during the Age of Enlightenment.
Scholars are exploring the various reasons for the continued existence of this
gender disparity in STEM fields. Those who view this disparity as resulting
from discriminatory forces are also seeking ways to redress this disparity
within STEM fields (these are typically construed as well-compensated, high-
status professions with universal career appeal).
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